Why is Onam Celebrated for 10 Days?

Onam, a vibrant and colorful festival celebrated in the state of Kerala, India, is a ten-day extravaganza that commemorates the mythical return of King Mahabali. This annual event is filled with traditional customs, cultural performances, and delicious feasts, making it one of the most anticipated festivals in the region.

Why 10 Days?

The ten-day celebration of Onam is rooted in the mythological story of King Mahabali, a benevolent ruler who was known for his generosity and compassion. According to legend, Mahabali was so virtuous that he conquered the entire universe, including the celestial realms. However, his excessive pride led to his downfall, and he was banished to the underworld by Lord Vishnu.

To appease the people of Kerala, who were deeply saddened by the loss of their beloved king, Lord Vishnu granted Mahabali a boon. He allowed the king to visit his kingdom once a year to check on his subjects. This annual visit is celebrated as Onam, and the ten days of the festival represent the journey of King Mahabali from the underworld to Kerala.

The Significance of Each Day

Each of the ten days of Onam has a specific significance and is celebrated with unique rituals and customs. Here's a brief overview of the ten days:

1. Atham: The festival begins with Atham, a day of preparation and cleaning. Homes are decorated with flowers, and traditional meals are prepared.

2. Chithira: This day marks the start of the flower carpet tradition, known as "Pookalam." People create intricate floral designs in their courtyards.

3. Chodhi: On Chodhi, the main deity of the festival, Vamana (an avatar of Lord Vishnu), is worshipped.

4. Vishakham: This day is dedicated to the mythical boat race, known as "Vallam Kali," which takes place in various parts of Kerala.

5. Anizham: Anizham is another day for creating Pookalam and offering prayers to Lord Vamana.

6. Thrikketta: On Thrikketta, the main day of the festival, people wear new clothes and prepare a feast known as "Sadya."

7. Moolam: Moolam is a day for family gatherings and traditional games.

8. Pooradam: Pooradam is another day for Pookalam and prayers.

9. Uthradam: Uthradam is the penultimate day of the festival, and it is celebrated with great enthusiasm. People visit temples, participate in cultural events, and enjoy delicious feasts.

10. Thiruvonam: The final day of Onam, Thiruvonam, is the most important day of the festival. It is believed to be the day when King Mahabali visits Kerala. People prepare elaborate Sadya feasts and participate in traditional dance and music performances.

Cultural Significance of Onam

Onam is more than just a festival; it is a celebration of Kerala's rich cultural heritage. The ten-day event showcases the state's traditions, customs, and arts and crafts. Pookalam, Vallam Kali, and Sadya are just a few examples of the cultural elements that come to life during Onam.

Moreover, Onam is a time for family reunions and community bonding. People travel from far and wide to be with their loved ones and participate in the festivities. The festival fosters a sense of unity and belonging among the people of Kerala.

FAQs

1. What is the significance of Onam?

Onam is a significant Hindu festival celebrated in Kerala, India, that commemorates the mythical return of King Mahabali. It is a time for family reunions, cultural celebrations, and spiritual reflection.

2. When is Onam celebrated?

Onam is typically celebrated in the Malayalam month of Chingam, which usually falls in August or September. The exact dates vary each year.

3. What is the story behind Onam?

The legend of Onam revolves around King Mahabali, a benevolent ruler who was banished to the underworld by Lord Vishnu. However, Lord Vishnu granted Mahabali a boon to visit his kingdom once a year, and Onam celebrates this annual visit.

4. What are the main events and customs during Onam?

The main events and customs during Onam include Pookalam (flower carpets), Vallam Kali (boat races), Sadya (feast), and various cultural performances.

5. Is Onam celebrated in other parts of India besides Kerala?

While Onam is primarily celebrated in Kerala, there are smaller celebrations in other parts of India, especially in areas with significant Malayali populations.

Takeaways

Onam is a ten-day extravaganza that celebrates the mythical return of King Mahabali and the rich cultural heritage of Kerala. The festival is a time for joy, celebration, and community bonding. Through its traditions and customs, Onam continues to captivate people around the world and serve as a testament to the enduring spirit of Kerala.